Electromagnetic Selectivity in Membrane Transport of Metal Complexes: A Theoretical Framework Based on Thickness and Dissipation

Abstract

Metal-based complexes are widely investigated for their ability to disrupt DNA replication in cancer cells; however, achieving selective transport into malignant cells while avoiding healthy tissue remains a central challenge. In this work, we propose a theoretical model in which electromagnetic excitation facilitates the transport of metal complexes across cellular lipid membranes, with selectivity arising from differences in membrane thickness and associated electromagnetic response. The model treats membrane traversal as an energetically constrained process governed by electromagnetic flux-tube–like transport channels, where the efficiency of transmission depends sensitively on membrane geometry and dissipation. By formulating a frequency-dependent criterion linking photon energy to membrane thickness, we demonstrate that, in principle, irradiation at specific frequencies could preferentially enhance transport into cancer cells while suppressing penetration into healthy cells. The analysis is exploratory and theoretical in nature, aiming to establish a physically motivated framework rather than a clinical protocol. Experimental validation is required to assess biological feasibility, safety, and efficacy. Nonetheless, the model provides a novel perspective on membrane-selective transport mechanisms that may inform future investigations in electromagnetic drug delivery and cancer therapy.